КУРС 1
УРОК № 48
Wednesday, the nineteenth of April
ТЕМА УРОКУ: Religious and public holidays in Ukraine - Релігійні та державні свята в Україні
1) Нові слова за темою: впр.2 ст. 108
1. prosperity - процвітання2. token - жетон
3. to conjure - чаклувати, благати
4. recovery - одужання, повернення собі
5. descent - спуск
6. the Resurrection - Воскресіння
7. fragrant - запашний
8. enigmatic - загадковий
9. to signify - позначати
10. solstice - сонцестояння
11. bonfire - багаття
12. wreath - вінок
13. ritual - ритуал
14. treaty - договір
2) Впр.3 ст. 108-112 - читати, перекладати (усно) текст Religious and State Holidays in Ukraine (Релігійні і державні свята в Україні), бажано переказувати та виписати в словник нові для вас слова.
Religious and State Holidays in Ukraine
There are a lot of different holidays in Ukraine that symbolise beauty, heartiness, and joy of living. They are celebrated every year.
Festivals and celebrations that embody the soul of the people, national characteristics and traditions of the Ukrainians occupy an important place in our life. They provide the opportunity to relax and to get inspiration.
One of the most favourite holidays in Ukraine is New Year’s Day. New Year celebrations are a tradition in many countries of the world including Ukraine. This holiday is closely connected with folk festivals and various national games. When the clock strikes midnight, people open bottles of champagne and raise a toast. They congratulate each other as the clock strikes 12 times and predict their fortunes on this night. The tradition of predicting fortunes is very popular especially among young people. It is a wonderful holiday and one of the brightest events.
Christmas is celebrated on the 7th of January. A traditional Christmas dish is kutia. Kutia is the main dish among 12 dishes for Holy Supper. Adults and children are looking forward to Christmas celebration which brings joy, fun and hope for a better future. The period from the 7th until 14th of January is Saint Christmas Week. During this week people go from one house to another, sing songs, wish good health, prosperity, happy life. We call such an activity “koliaduvannia” and “shchedruvannia” and songs “koliadky” and “shchedrivky”. Those who sing songs and greet you get sweets, food, drinks or whatever you have as a token of appreciation. Children like to wish happiness, health, prosperity spreading seeds: wheat or other grains, getting sweets, food or money in return. Spreading of seeds is called “posivannia”.
On the 19th of January an important religious holiday called Epiphany is celebrated.
Epiphany has come to Ukraine with Christianity. The magical abilities of holy water include conjuring of evil from the house and giving a patient recovery from diseases.
Easter is one of the greatest and rightest spring holidays. Easter doesn’t have a certain date of celebration. It is always celebrated on Sunday in April or May. This day is associated with many interesting customs and traditions: coloured eggs (pysanky), Easter cakes (pasky), greetings and religious ceremonies.
On Easter night people go to churches . They usually take with them Easter cakes, painted eggs, bottles of wine and some food to be sprinkled with sacred water which is believed to give strong healing powers. They greet each other with the words “Khrystos Voskres!” (Christ is arisen) and answer “Voistynu Voskres!” (Truly arisen). After coming home they continue the celebration with food and drinks. Easter is a family holiday, so all the members of the family have to gather around the Easter table. It means that the family will stay together the whole year.
Holy Trinity Day (Sviata Troitsia) is dedicated to the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles on the 50th day after the Resurrection of Christ. Holy Trinity Day is a very important religious holiday in Ukraine. This holiday is often called Green Sunday. On this day people decorate their houses, flats with branches, flowers and fragrant herbs as plants are a symbol of life. By this time everything is in blossom and nature finally wakes up.
In July the ancient holiday of Ivan Kupala Day (midsummer) is celebrated. It is one of the great and enigmatic holidays signifying a celebration in honour of the God of the Sun. It is believed that during this time of summer solstice, the Sun is the strongest before turning to winter. They say that the Sun is celebrating its victory over dark forces. This day is associated with water, fire and herbs: bonfires, wreaths, bathing. Kupalski fires symbolise a cult of the Sun. Kupalska water is a symbol of healing power. A fern is a symbol of a happy future. Magic Ivanivska dew provides beauty and love and the Kupala tree denotes happiness and fertility. The Kupalski rituals are highly symbolic. The main Kupalski ceremonies take place in the night of 6—7 July. It is a special night.
Ukrainian Unity Day (Den Sobornosti) is an important historical event in Ukraine. In 1919 Eastern and Western Ukraine were united on the 22nd of January. The “Treaty of Unity” between two Ukraines was signed and the unity of all Ukrainian lands was proclaimed on Sofiivska Square in Kyiv. Den Sobornosti is a symbol of territorial and spiritual unity of Ukraine as a unified sovereign state.
Victory Day is a holiday of joy and sorrow. It is celebrated on the 9th of May. Millions of people gave their lives during the Second World War for peace and happiness. The eternal memory of those who were killed will last forever throughout the generations. Veterans gather together to remember those who fought for freedom and defended their country. This day is to remind us about terrible human mistakes of the past, too, and to prevent them in the future.
On the 28th of June we celebrate Constitution Day. On this day in 1996 the Constitution of independent Ukraine was adopted. According to the Constitution Ukraine is a sovereign, independent, democratic, jural state the main task of which is to establish and promote human rights and freedoms. Fireworks, various concerts and musical events take place throughout the country.
Independence Day is celebrated on the 24th of August. Indepen dence Day is the largest state holiday in Ukraine, which commemorates the adoption of the “Declaration of Sovereignty” of Ukraine in 1991. It is celebrated with impressive fireworks, numerous exciting concert programmes in national style, exhibitions, fairs, wonderful festive feasts, games, different dishes of national Ukrainian cuisine and other entertainments. Independence Day is a national holiday which marks the unity, strength of will and spirit of Ukrainian people.
International Women’s Day is considered the first spring holiday in Ukraine. It is celebrated on the 8th of March. For some people it is a day dedicated to women’s rights, for others it is a day celebrating womanhood. It is the brightest day of all women. We celebrate it with public meetings, concerts. March 8th is the holiday when we congratulate our mothers, sisters, grandmothers, daughters, wives, girlfriends with flowers and presents for all they do for us.
The Day of Knowledge is the holiday of joy and happiness. We celebrate it on the 1st of September. This holiday is for millions of pupils, students, their parents, grandparents and teachers. It is the holiday of the first bells, bunches of flowers, white ribbons and the traditional lessons of peace.
The Day of Knowledge is the holiday of youth and future. It marks the official start of the academic year in all the educational institutions of our country.
The 14th of February is Saint Valentine’s Day. It is very popular in Ukraine. It is the holiday of love and friendship. We send Valentine cards, flowers, sweets to people we love. It is perfect time to show all your love presenting beloved people with charming gifts and romantic poems.
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I wish you a good mood! Бажаю гарного настрою!
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