КУРС 3
Урок № 7
Тема: Українські науковці
1) Перегляньте відео для ознайомлення :
Igor Sikorsky
Igor Sikorsky | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky May 25, 1889 |
| Died | October 26, 1972 (aged 83) |
| Nationality | Russian-American[1][2][3] |
| Alma mater | Kyiv Polytechnic Institute ETACA (now ESTACA) |
| Occupation | Aircraft designer |
| Known for | First successful mass-produced helicopter, the Sikorsky R-4 |
| Spouse(s) | Olga Fyodorovna Simkovitch Elisabeth Semion |
| Children | 5 |
| Awards | Order of St. Vladimir Howard N. Potts Medal (1933) Daniel Guggenheim Medal (1951) ASME Medal (1963) Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy (1966) National Medal of Science (1967) John Fritz Medal (1968) |
Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky ( May 25, 1889 – October 26, 1972) was a Russian–American aviation pioneer in both helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft. His first success came with the S-2, the second aircraft of his design and construction. His fifth airplane, the S-5, won him national recognition as well as F.A.I. license number 64. His S-6-A received the highest award at the 1912 Moscow Aviation Exhibition, and in the fall of that year the aircraft won first prize for its young designer, builder and pilot in the military competition at Saint Petersburg.
After immigrating to the United States in 1919, Sikorsky founded the Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation in 1923, and developed the first of Pan American Airways' ocean-crossing flying boats in the 1930s.
In 1939, Sikorsky designed and flew the Vought-Sikorsky VS-300, the first viable American helicopter, which pioneered the rotor configuration used by most helicopters today. Sikorsky modified the design into the Sikorsky R-4, which became the world's first mass-produced helicopter in 1942.
Leonid Kadenyuk was born on 28 January 1951 in the village of Klishkivtsi, Khotyn district, Chernivtsi region in a family of rural teachers.
In 1967, after graduating from high school with a silver medal, he entered the Chernihiv Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots.
After graduating from the Aviation School in 1971 and receiving a diploma of a pilot-engineer in the specialty "Piloting and operation of aircraft" he worked as a pilot-instructor Kadenyuk was a Soviet military pilot. He began his service in the Soviet Air Forces and was selected in 1976 for the Soviet Cosmonaut Corps being on a team of test pilots of the Soviet new space shuttle Buran, but was removed after marital issues. He was allowed to rejoin the Cosmonaut Detachment several years later. With the break-up of the Soviet Union, Kadenyuk remained in the Russian Space Forces and adopted Ukrainian citizenship. In 1995, during the preparation of the first Ukrainian space mission, he volunteered to take part and returned to his homeland.
In 1977 he graduated from the Test Pilot Training Center. He received a diploma and qualification "test pilot".
In 1977–1979, he underwent general space training and qualified as a test astronaut.
1984–1988 – test pilot of the State Research Institute of the USSR Air Force.
1989 – graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute – Faculty of Aircraft.
1988–1990 – underwent engineering and flight training under the Buran program as its commander.
He took part in working out the glide path of descent for landing the spacecraft "Buran" on MiG-31 and MiG-25 aircraft.
1990–1992, under the full program, he was trained as the commander of the transport ship Soyuz-TM.
During the preparation for space flights and in the process of test work he underwent unique engineering and flight training. He studied the Soyuz, Soyuz-TM, Buran spacecraft, the Salyut orbital station, the Mir orbital complex, and the US Space Shuttle.
He participated in the development and testing of aerospace systems, in their sketch and layout design, as well as in flight tests of systems.
He flew more than 50 types and modifications of aircraft for various purposes, mainly on fighters, as well as on the American training aircraft Northrop T-38.
During the preparation for space flights he was trained to conduct scientific experiments on board spacecraft in various fields: biology, medicine, metrology, ecology, study of natural resources of the Earth from space, geology, astronomy, geobotany.
In 1995 he was selected to the group of astronauts of the National Space Agency of Ukraine.
Preparing for space flight, from April to October 1996 he worked as a researcher at the Department of Phytohormonology of the Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
He was trained by NASA for a space flight on the US reusable spacecraft Columbia, mission STS-87, as a payload specialist. There were two main candidates for the mission, the other being Yaroslav Pustovyi, a civil Ukrainian scientist in space research. As the more experienced one, Kadeniuk was chosen as the primary candidate for the mission, and Pustovy became Kadenyuk's backup.
From 19 November to 5 December 1997, he made a space flight on the American Space Shuttle "Columbia", mission STS-87.
After the flight, Leonid Kadeniuk continued his Ukrainian space program career in the State Space Agency of Ukraine.
Since 1998 – Major general of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, Deputy Inspector General of the General Military Inspectorate under the President of Ukraine for Aviation and Cosmonautics.
In the 2002 parliamentary election, he was elected to the Verkhovna Rada in the list of pro-Kuchma United Ukraine Bloc. Later, Kadeniuk joined the "Trudova Ukrayina – Industrialists and Entrepreneurs" faction, but had not been politically active. He worked within parliament's Committee on Defense and National Security.
In the 2006 parliamentary election, Kadenyuk was No. 3 in the electoral party list of Lytvyn's People's Bloc, but the block won only 2.44% of the popular vote (short of the required 3%) and no seats in the parliament.
Kadenyuk died on 31 January 2018, three days after turning 67. He was interred in the central avenue of Kyiv's Baikove Cemetery. On 2 February 2018, the farewell ceremony occurred in Kyiv in the Club of Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine building.
Author of five scientific papers
The book "Mission – Space", published in 2009 by Pulsary Publishing House, won first place in the Book of the Year 2009 competition in the Horizons category. The book was republished in 2017 by Novy Druk Publishing House.
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