КУРС 2

Урок № 12

Тема: Видатні науковці світу - Outstanding scientists of the world

1) Перегляньте відео:

2) Попрацюйте з текстами: (уважно прочитайте, випишіть нові для вас слова, усно перекладіть)

Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein is known all over the world as a brilliant theoretical physicist and the founder of the theory of relativity. He is perhaps the greatest scientist of the 20th century. Some of his ideas made possible the atomic bomb, as well as television and other inventions.

He was born in 1879 in a small German town. The Einstein family soon moved to Munich, where Albert went to school. Neither his parents, nor his school teachers thought much of his mental abilities. His uncle often joked: "Not everybody is born to become a professor." In 1895 Albert failed the entrance examination to a technical college in Zurich. A year later, however, he managed to pass the exam and entered the college.

After graduating from the college, Einstein started to work at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern.

In 1905 he wrote a short article in a science magazine. This was his 'Special Theory of Relativity', which gave the world the most famous equation relating mass and energy (E = me2), the basis of atomic energy.

Later, he became a professor in several European universities and in 1914 moved to Berlin as a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences. After ten years of hard work he created his 'General Theory of Relativity'.

In 1921 Einstein received the Nobel Prize for Physics.

A Jew, and a pacifist, he was attacked by the Nazis, and when Hitler came to power in 1933 he decided to settle in the United States.

In 1939 Albert Einstein wrote a letter to President Roosevelt, at the request of several prominent physicists, outlining the military potential of nuclear energy and the dangers of a Nazi lead in this field. His letter greatly influenced the decision to build an atomic bomb, though he took no part in the Manhattan Project. After the war he spoke out passionately against nuclear weapons and repression.

Einstein died in 1955. The artificial element einsteinium has been named in his honour.

Nikola Tesla

The Croatian-born American inventor Nicola Tesla patented an electricity-generating
and distribution system that transmitted alternating current (AC).

He developed and applied many other important ideas in the fields of electricity
and radio.

The Tesla coil, an induction coil he invented, is used in radio technology and operates at every high frequencies.

Tesla worked briefly for the American inventor Thomas Edison (1847–1931), but they fell out because they disagreed about the best form of electric current to use for large-scale supply.

In the end, Tesla's alternating current system was favored over Edison's direct current (DC) system.

Словник до тексту

alternating current – ​​змінний струм (скор. – AC)

apply (applied; applied) - застосовувати, використовувати

born - народжений; що з'явився на світ

briefly – коротко, коротко, стисло

coil - ел. котушка

develop (developed; developed) – розробляти, розвивати

direct current (DC) – постійний струм

disagree (disagreed; disagreed) -

distribution – розподіл, поширення

fall out (fell fallen out: out) - розг. сваритися; виходити з ладу

favor – розташування; прихильність; підтримка, схвалення

field – область, поле

frequency - частота, частотність

generate (generated; generated) – виробляти; генерувати, робити

important – важливий, значний, суттєвий

induction – ел. електромагнітна індукція

inventor – винахідник

large-scale – широкий, масштабний; великомасштабний

operate (operated; operated) – працювати, діяти, функціонувати (про прилади, механізми)

patent (patented; patented) – патентувати; брати патент (на що-л.)

supply – постачання, постачання

transmit (transmitted; transmitted) – передавати, віддавати

3) Письмово склади розповідь про відомих тобі науковців світу та запиши у зошит.