05.05.2020
6 група - англійська мова - тема уроку № 45 "Національна портретна галерея Лондона
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The National Portrait Gallery (NPG) is an art
gallery in London housing a collection of portraits of historically
important and famous British people. It was the first portrait gallery in
the world when it opened in 1856. The gallery moved in 1896 to its current
site at St Martin's Place, off Trafalgar
Square, and adjoining the National Gallery. It has been expanded
twice since then. The National Portrait Gallery also has regional outposts
at Beningbrough Hall in Yorkshire and Montacute
House in Somerset. It is unconnected to the Scottish National Portrait Gallery in
Edinburgh, with which its remit overlaps. The gallery is a non-departmental public body sponsored
by the Department for
Digital, Culture, Media and Sport.
The gallery will be closed from mid-2020 to (planned) spring
2023 for a major refurbishment. During this time, parts of the collection will
be displayed around the UK in a series of exhibitions and collaborations, with
other international loan exhibitions.
The Chandos
portrait of William Shakespeare, the first painting to
enter the NPG's collection
The gallery houses portraits of
historically important and famous British
people, selected on the basis of the significance of the sitter, not that
of the artist. The collection includes photographs and caricatures as
well as paintings, drawings and sculpture. One of its best-known images is
the Chandos portrait, the most famous portrait
of William Shakespeare although there is some
uncertainty about whether the painting actually is of the playwright.
Not all of the portraits are exceptional artistically,
although there are self-portraits by William
Hogarth, Sir Joshua Reynolds and other British
artists of note. Some, such as the group portrait of the participants
in the Somerset House Conference of 1604, are
important historical documents in their own right. Often, the curiosity value
is greater than the artistic worth of a work, as in the case of the anamorphic portrait of Edward VI by William
Scrots, Patrick Branwell Brontë's painting of his sisters Charlotte, Emily and Anne,
or a sculpture of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in medieval
costume. Portraits of living figures were allowed from 1969. In addition to its
permanent galleries of historical portraits, the National Portrait Gallery
exhibits a rapidly changing selection of contemporary work, stages exhibitions
of portrait art by individual artists and hosts the annual BP
Portrait Prize competition.
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