КУРС 1

УРОК № 35

 Тема уроку: Канада сьогодні

1) ПЕРШЕ наше ЗАВДАННЯ -  Present Simple - Простий (неозначений) теперішній час - https://grammarway.com/ua/present-simple

Конспектуйте, вивчайте, знайте!

2)  Перегляньте відео про Канаду - 

3) Повернемось до нашого тексту про Канаду - ст. 85-87

Canada is a country occupying most of the northern half of the North American continent, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward to the Arctic Ocean. It is the world’s second largest country by total area of

9,984,670 km2 and its common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world. Canada is slightly larger than the United States of America, its southern neighbour, and nearly 1,2 times larger than Australia and more than 40 times

larger than the UK.

The land occupied by Canada was inhabited for millennia by various groups of aboriginal people. In the late 15th and 16th centuries, British and French expeditions explored Canada and later settled along the Atlantic coast. In 1497 John Cabot explored Canada’s Atlantic coast for England, followed by Jacques Cartier in 1534 for France. French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1603 and founded the first permanent European settlements at Port Royal in 1605 and Quebec City in 1608. Among French colonists of New France, the Canadians settled the Saint Lawrence River valley, while French fur traders and Catholic missionaries explored the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and the Mississippi watershed to Louisiana. The French and Iroquois Wars broke down control of the fur trade. The English established fishing outposts in Newfoundland around 1610 and colonised the Thirteen Colonies to the south. And France ceded to Britain nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years’ War.

Provinces and Territories

July 1, 1867 is Canada’s birthday. Canada is a federation which consists of ten provinces and three territories; in turn, these may be grouped into regions. Western Canada consists of British Columbia, the country’s third largest in both area and population province and the three Prairie Provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba). About 17 % of the Canadians live in these three provinces, which occupy about the fifth part of the country. Central Canada consists of Quebec and Ontario. Atlantic Canada consists of the three Maritime Provinces (New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia), along with Newfoundland and Labrador. Eastern Canada refers to Central Canada and Atlantic Canada together. Three territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut) make up Northern Canada. Provinces have more autonomy than territories. Each has its own provincial or territorial symbols.

Nunavut is the largest and newest federal territory of Canada; it was separated officially from the Northwest Territories on April 1, 1999 via the Nunavut Act and the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement Act, though the actual boundaries had been established in 1993. The creation of Nunavut — meaning “our land” in Inuktitut — had changed Canada’s map since the incorporation of the new province of Newfoundland in 1949.

Nunavut comprises a major portion of Northern Canada, and most of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, making it the fifth largest country subdivision in the world. The capital Iqaluit (formerly “Frobisher Bay”) on Baffin Island in the east was chosen by the 1995 capital plebiscite. Nunavut also includes Ellesmere Island to the north, as well as the eastern and southern portions of Victoria Island in the west and Akimiski Island in James Bay to the far south. Nunavut is the second least populated and the geographically largest of the provinces and territories of Canada. It has a population of 35,944, mostly Inuit, spread over an area of the size of Western Europe. The population density is 0,02 persons per square kilometre, one of the lowest in the world. Nunavut is also home to the northernmost permanently inhabited place in the world, Alert. If Nunavut were a country, it would rank 15th in area. 

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